At some point in your blues playing, single notes start to feel thin. You want more texture, more body, something that fills out the sound without requiring a full chord change. Thirds are the answer. This classic blues guitar technique gives you two notes at once, and the way they interact over a droning chord underneath is one of the signature sounds of the genre.
The foundation here is an E7 chord with your pinky adding a D note — a standard blues chord voicing you’ve probably seen before. What changes now is what you put on top of it.
What Thirds Actually Are
A third is simply two notes that are two scale degrees apart. In a C major scale (C, D, E, F, G), the third above C is E. The third above D is F. You’re stacking consecutive scale steps, skipping one in between. That interval creates a rich, full sound that sits nicely in the mix without muddying anything up.
There are two types you’ll use in blues: major thirds and minor thirds. Both appear in the same progression. Blues lives in that territory between major and minor, and the thirds reflect that. You’re not picking one type and sticking with it. You’re moving between them, which is exactly what creates the characteristic blues color.
Where to Find Them on the Guitar
For this lesson, the focus is on the 4th and 5th strings (the bottom four strings of the guitar). The good news: thirds patterns on these strings are consistent across positions, so once you learn one shape, you can move it up and down the neck predictably.
Start with the major third. Put your finger on G at the 3rd fret of the 6th string. That’s the root, the “one.” The third above it is B, found at the 2nd fret of the 5th string. Play those two notes together. That’s your major third over E.
Now here’s what makes this powerful: you’re playing these thirds on top of the E7 chord ringing underneath. The chord provides a stable harmonic foundation while the thirds move freely above it. The droning E7 plus the moving thirds creates that classic blues texture: full, warm, and unmistakably bluesy.
More Than Just One Pattern
The combinations you can build from thirds are genuinely huge. This lesson just scratches the surface. Once you’re comfortable with the basic major and minor third shapes over E7, you can start mixing them, adding movement between positions, and building longer phrases that walk up and down the neck.
The major scale pattern on the bottom four strings is your map. Every third you play comes from that pattern, so the more fluently you know it, the more freely you can move. Take your time with the foundational shapes first. Get the sound in your ears before you chase speed or complexity.
Thirds are one of those techniques that sound impressive to listeners but aren’t as hard as they look once you understand the system. Start slow, get the shapes clean, and let the E7 chord do some of the work underneath you.
For more blues guitar technique and context, take a look at the lesson on building a full 12 bar blues progression with a riff included. Thirds fit right into that framework. The blues guitar riffs lesson on thirds takes this even further with more shapes and movement. And when you’re ready to see how all these pieces connect, the blues guitar lessons hub has everything organized for you.
Watch the full video above and pause as often as you need to find each third on your own guitar. Get the sound in your hands, and you’ll have a blues guitar technique you’ll use forever.
so far yourm lessons have been easy to follow and awsone.
Thanks Jonathan! I’m still working my way through your 1-4-5 course and this little lesson just gave me another point of view…and I had an “a-ha” moment!
Good stuff Dusty…
Yeah but what are you playing in between those thirds?
All it is is an E7, and then the thirds… not sure what part you’re referring to?
Jonathan:
What is the strum pattern you are using with the E7 Blues with Thirds video?
Carl
Hey Carl, just had a look back and I think it is D – D – UDU (D=Down, U=Up).
Thanks, Jonathan that’s a great tip. Paul
Hey Jonathan, just wanna tell ya that I always enjoy your lessons dealing with intervals. I always take away some really cool stuff from those lessons. I’m not saying that any of your other lessons are not cool also, it’s just that the interval lessons are the ones that give me that “aha” moment. Thanks a lot bro cuz you’re doing a wonderful job in my eyes. And I know I have said this before also but man I soooo dig the sound of your Tak. Awesome tone on that lil beauty. Take care and looking forward to more.
Thanks Ozzy, I appreciate that! I’m sure there will be more on intervals coming…
So i assume you would actually be playing in the key of A – as E 7 is the dominant of A. In A you have ii minor -bminor …but C major is not in the key of A or E. …. Dmajor is in the key of A…. Gmajor is not diatonically in either key of A or G… unless you consider it the flatted 7th chord of the key of A . You need to explain how these major and minor 3rd’s are related to …the key you are thinking of . So if the major or minor 3rds are not the root and major 3rd of a chord …are they the minor third of some other base note ….ie c f and g are all sharped in A major and E major . i like the lesson …just could just be clearer on this point.
The E7 is a bit of a fence-sitting chord, because of the intervals it has in it: it can be “heard” as either a major or a minor chord. In this case, I’m essentially treating it as a minor chord, so think of it as an E minor. The first third I play is a minor third, off the E, which reinforces this. Then there’s the D major third, then C major… thus we’re essentially in the key of G major.
Could you expand on your statement that “E7 is neither major nor minor”? Are you saying that there’s no difference between E7 and Em7? An E7 chord, as usually played in open position, has a G# on the third string — a major third. Lift that finger, and you’ve got an Em7, with a flatted third (G natural). Not the same chord at all.
Hi John, no, I’m not saying there is no difference between E7 and Em7; there clearly is. However, E7 is not a major chord, and it isn’t a minor chord. The reason for this is the notes in the chord are E G# B D. An E major chord is E, G# and B. So the notes for E major are all present; however we’ve also added an extra minor third, the B to D interval. (E-G# = major 3rd, G#-B = minor 3rd, B – D = minor 3rd).
Still with me?
Anyways, this means you now have a chord that is major, minor, minor, just looking at the thirds. So it can lean either way – it has the major sound in it, but it also has a strong minor flavor as well. Thus, it can fill in as either one.
Keep in mind, minor chords have a major third in them as well, only it is the second third, not the first third. Ie a minor chords is minor 3rd + major 3rd.
In my Unlocking I IV V course I go into much more detail on how to build chords using thirds. It’s useful stuff to know!
Hi John, no, I’m not saying there is no difference between E7 and Em7; there clearly is. However, E7 is not a major chord, and it isn’t a minor chord. The reason for this is the notes in the chord are E G# B D. An E major chord is E, G# and B. So the notes for E major are all present; however we’ve also added an extra minor third, the B to D interval.
(E-G# = major 3rd, G#-B = minor 3rd, B – D = minor 3rd)
Still with me?
Anyways, this means you now have a chord that is major, minor, minor, just looking at the thirds. So it can lean either way – it has the major sound in it, but it also has a strong minor flavor as well. Thus, it can fill in as either one.
Keep in mind, minor chords have a major third in them as well, only it is the second third, not the first third. Ie a minor chords is minor 3rd + major 3rd.
In my Unlocking I IV V course I go into much more detail on how to build chords using thirds. It’s useful stuff to know!
Doesn’t download the thirds lesson
Hi Will, I’m aware of this problem and I believe it is only on older versions of Internet Explorer. We’re trying to fix it, but in the meantime I would recommend upgrading to the most recent version of Internet Explorer, or else use FireFox or Chrome or Safari instead.
Keep rocking. What a fun way to play guitar